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Electrochromism is the phenomenon of certain materials reversibly changing their colors or optical properties (absorbance/transmittance/reflectance) via redox reactions under an applied electric field, which has found applications in smart windows, rear-view mirrors, displays and so on. The past four decades have witnessed the rapid development of electrochromic technology. However, it remains severely developmentally challenged due to its limited practical applications. Predictably, as a color control technology that gives visual information readable by the naked eye, electrochromism should have much wider applications by applying the visualization technique to various functional devices. The integration modes, design principles and performance optimization for different types of interdisciplinary electrochromic devices can result in the state-of-the-art advances in the fusing of electrochromic technology with other advanced technologies, including wearable technology, thermal control technology, energy storage technology, energy harvesting technology and sensing technology.
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